[client] default-character-set = utf8mb4 EOF # 拉起服务 systemctl enable --now mariadb.service systemctl status --no-pager mariadb.service # 创建Bacula数据库，用户名为gbacula，密码为bacula mysql -uroot << EOF CREATE DATABASE bacula CHARACTER SET 'utf8mb4' COLLATE 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON bacula.* to bacula@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'bacula'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON bacula.* to bacula@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'bacula'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; exit EOF # 访问测试 mysql -ubacula -pbacula -hlocalhost <<EOF show databases; exit EOF
# 本地备份 # 通过bconsole控制台登陆Director root@backup ~]# bconsole Connecting to Director localhost:9101 1000 OK: 10002 bacula-dir Version: 11.0.1 (05 February 2020) Enter a period to cancel a command. # 开始配置备份 *label Automatically selected Catalog: MyCatalog Using Catalog "MyCatalog" # 使用pool定义的存储资源，配置在bacula-sd中 The defined Storage resources are: 1: File1 2: File2 Select Storage resource (1-2): 1 Connecting to Storage daemon File1 at bak.contoso.com:9103 ... # 配置备份文件的卷名称 Enter new Volume name: Vol-2023103001 # 选择默认的存储池，使用文件保存 Defined Pools:or Enter for none): 1: Default 2: File 3: Scratch Select the Pool (1-3): 2 Connecting to Storage daemon File1 at bak.contoso.com:9103 ... # 使用第一个槽位 Sending label command for Volume "Vol-2023103001" Slot 0 ... 3000 OK label. VolBytes=223 VolABytes=0 VolType=1 Volume="Vol-2023103001" Device="FileChgr1-Dev1" (/bacula/backup) Catalog record for Volume "Vol-2023103001", Slot 0 successfully created. Requesting to mount FileChgr1 ... 3906 File device ""FileChgr1-Dev1" (/bacula/backup)" is always mounted. # 执行上述的备份操作 *run A job name must be specified. # 选择是执行本地全备，还是只备份数据库，还是恢复本地文件 The defined Job resources are: 1: BackupLocalFiles 2: BackupCatalog 3: RestoreLocalFiles # 本地文件全备 Select Job resource (1-3): 1 Run Backup job JobName: BackupLocalFiles Level: Incremental Client: bacula-fd FileSet: Full Set Pool: File (From Job resource) Storage: File1 (From Job resource) When: 2023-10-31 17:10:04 Priority: 10 OK to run? (yes/mod/no): yes Job queued. JobId=1 You have messages. # 查询备份作业消息 *message 31-Oct 17:10 bacula-dir JobId 1: No prior or suitable Full backup found in catalog. Doing FULL backup. 31-Oct 17:10 bacula-dir JobId 1: Start Backup JobId 1, Job=BackupLocalFiles.2023-10-31_17.10.12_03 31-Oct 17:10 bacula-dir JobId 1: Using Device "FileChgr1-Dev1" to write. 31-Oct 17:10 bacula-sd JobId 1: Wrote label to prelabeled Volume "Vol-2023103001" on File device "FileChgr1-Dev1" (/bacula/backup) 31-Oct 17:10 bacula-fd JobId 1: /boot is a different filesystem. Will not descend from / into it. 31-Oct 17:10 bacula-fd JobId 1: /dev is a different filesystem. Will not descend from / into it. 31-Oct 17:10 bacula-fd JobId 1: /run is a different filesystem. Will not descend from / into it. # 查看备份作业情况 *status director bacula-dir Version: 11.0.1 (05 February 2020) x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu redhat Beta Daemon started 31-Oct-23 17:08, conf reloaded 31-Oct-2023 17:08:00 Jobs: run=0, running=1 mode=0,0 Crypto: fips=N/A crypto=OpenSSL Heap: heap=536,576 smbytes=448,787 max_bytes=448,860 bufs=435 max_bufs=436 Res: njobs=3 nclients=1 nstores=2 npools=3 ncats=1 nfsets=3 nscheds=2
Scheduled Jobs: Level Type Pri Scheduled Job Name Volume =================================================================================== Incremental Backup 10 31-Oct-23 23:05 BackupLocalFiles Vol-2023103001 Full Backup 11 31-Oct-23 23:10 BackupCatalog Vol-2023103001 ====
Running Jobs: Console connected at 31-Oct-23 17:08 JobId Type Level Files Bytes Name Status ====================================================================== 1 Back Full 4,923 178.6 M BackupLocalFiles is running ==== No Terminated Jobs. ==== # 备份作业完成，备份文件大小为896.3M # 查看备份结果 *message 31-Oct 17:11 bacula-sd JobId 1: Elapsed time=00:01:40, Transfer rate=9.009 M Bytes/second 31-Oct 17:11 bacula-sd JobId 1: Sending spooled attrs to the Director. Despooling 7,368,629 bytes ... 31-Oct 17:11 bacula-dir JobId 1: Bacula bacula-dir 11.0.1 (05Feb20): Build OS: x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu redhat Beta JobId: 1 Job: BackupLocalFiles.2023-10-31_17.10.12_03 Backup Level: Full (upgraded from Incremental) Client: "bacula-fd" 11.0.1 (05Feb20) x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu,redhat,Beta FileSet: "Full Set" 2023-10-31 17:10:12 Pool: "File" (From Job resource) Catalog: "MyCatalog" (From Client resource) Storage: "File1" (From Job resource) Scheduled time: 31-Oct-2023 17:10:04 Start time: 31-Oct-2023 17:10:14 End time: 31-Oct-2023 17:11:55 Elapsed time: 1 min 41 secs Priority: 10 FD Files Written: 30,338 SD Files Written: 30,338 FD Bytes Written: 896,381,618 (896.3 MB) SD Bytes Written: 900,921,943 (900.9 MB) Rate: 8875.1 KB/s Software Compression: 47.0% 1.9:1 Comm Line Compression: None Snapshot/VSS: no Encryption: no Accurate: no Volume name(s): Vol-2023103001 Volume Session Id: 1 Volume Session Time: 1698743281 Last Volume Bytes: 902,557,818 (902.5 MB) Non-fatal FD errors: 0 SD Errors: 0 FD termination status: OK SD termination status: OK Termination: Backup OK # 查看备份文件 [root@backup ~]# tree /bacula/ /bacula/ ├── backup │ └── Vol-2023103001 └── restore
2 directories, 1 file [root@backup ~]# du -h /bacula/backup/Vol-2023103001 861M /bacula/backup/Vol-2023103001 # 删除测试文件 [root@backup ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg systemprep.sh [root@backup ~]# rm anaconda-ks.cfg systemprep.sh rm: remove regular file 'anaconda-ks.cfg'? y rm: remove regular file 'systemprep.sh'? y
本地恢复
[root@backup ~]# bconsole Connecting to Director localhost:9101 1000 OK: 10002 bacula-dir Version: 11.0.1 (05 February 2020) Enter a period to cancel a command. # 执行还原操作 *restore all Automatically selected Catalog: MyCatalog Using Catalog "MyCatalog"
First you select one or more JobIds that contain files to be restored. You will be presented several methods of specifying the JobIds. Then you will be allowed to select which files from those JobIds are to be restored.
To select the JobIds, you have the following choices: 1: List last 20 Jobs run 2: List Jobs where a given File is saved 3: Enter list of comma separated JobIds to select 4: Enter SQL list command 5: Select the most recent backup for a client 6: Select backup for a client before a specified time 7: Enter a list of files to restore 8: Enter a list of files to restore before a specified time 9: Find the JobIds of the most recent backup for a client 10: Find the JobIds for a backup for a client before a specified time 11: Enter a list of directories to restore for found JobIds 12: Select full restore to a specified Job date 13: Cancel # 选择执行已经备份过的文件进行还原 Select item: (1-13): 5 Automatically selected Client: bacula-fd Automatically selected FileSet: Full Set +-------+-------+----------+-------------+---------------------+----------------+ | JobId | Level | JobFiles | JobBytes | StartTime | VolumeName | +-------+-------+----------+-------------+---------------------+----------------+ | 1 | F | 30,338 | 896,381,618 | 2023-10-31 17:10:14 | Vol-2023103001 | +-------+-------+----------+-------------+---------------------+----------------+ You have selected the following JobId: 1
Building directory tree for JobId(s) 1 ... ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 26,941 files inserted into the tree and marked for extraction.
You are now entering file selection mode where you add (mark) and remove (unmark) files to be restored. No files are initially added, unless you used the "all" keyword on the command line. Enter "done" to leave this mode. # 因为打了all的参数，默认选择所有已备份文件，以下为备份文件的虚拟目录，因为备份了根分区，所以会显示整个系统目录。 cwd is: / $ ls * *.autorelabel *afs *bin *boot *dev *etc/ *home/ *lib *lib64 *media *mnt/ *opt *root/ *run *sbin *srv *usr/ *var/ # 使用umark标记不还原var/目录 $ unmark var/ 2,349 files unmarked. # 使用通配符*来表示取消全部 $ unmark * 30,338 files unmarked. # 标记还原home/目录 $ mark root/ 5 files marked. # 标记完成之后，使用done来表示执行任务 $ done Bootstrap records written to /var/spool/bacula/bacula-dir.restore.1.bsr
The Job will require the following (*=>InChanger): Volume(s) Storage(s) SD Device(s) =========================================================================== Vol-2023103001 File1 FileChgr1
Volumes marked with "*" are in the Autochanger.
5 files selected to be restored.
Using Catalog "MyCatalog" Run Restore job JobName: RestoreLocalFiles Bootstrap: /var/spool/bacula/bacula-dir.restore.1.bsr Where: /bacula/restore Replace: Always FileSet: Full Set Backup Client: bacula-fd Restore Client: bacula-fd Storage: File1 When: 2023-10-31 17:23:18 Catalog: MyCatalog Priority: 10 Plugin Options: *None* OK to run? (yes/mod/no): yes Job queued. JobId=2 # 查看任务执行情况 *status director
Terminated Jobs: JobId Level Files Bytes Status Finished Name ==================================================================== 1 Full 30,338 896.3 M OK 31-Oct-23 17:11 BackupLocalFiles 2 Restore 5 651 OK 31-Oct-23 17:23 RestoreLocalFiles
[root@infra ~]# bconsole # 连接到远程备份服务器 bak.contoso.com Connecting to Director bak.contoso.com:9101 1000 OK: 10002 bacula-dir Version: 11.0.1 (05 February 2020) Enter a period to cancel a command. *label Automatically selected Catalog: MyCatalog Using Catalog "MyCatalog" The defined Storage resources are: 1: File1 2: File2 Select Storage resource (1-2): 2 Connecting to Storage daemon File2 at bak.contoso.com:9103 ... Enter new Volume name: Vol-remote-2023103002 Defined Pools:or Enter for none): 1: Default 2: File 3: Scratch Select the Pool (1-3): 2 Connecting to Storage daemon File2 at bak.contoso.com:9103 ... Sending label command for Volume "Vol-remote-2023103002" Slot 0 ... 3000 OK label. VolBytes=230 VolABytes=0 VolType=1 Volume="Vol-remote-2023103002" Device="FileChgr2-Dev1" (/bacula/backup) Catalog record for Volume "Vol-remote-2023103002", Slot 0 successfully created. Requesting to mount FileChgr2 ... 3906 File device ""FileChgr2-Dev1" (/bacula/backup)" is always mounted. *run A job name must be specified. The defined Job resources are: 1: BackupLocalFiles 2: BackupCatalog 3: RestoreLocalFiles Select Job resource (1-3): 1 Run Backup job JobName: BackupLocalFiles Level: Incremental Client: bacula-fd FileSet: Full Set Pool: File (From Job resource) Storage: File1 (From Job resource) When: 2023-10-31 18:29:36 Priority: 10 OK to run? (yes/mod/no): yes Job queued. JobId=4 *messages 31-Oct 18:29 bacula-dir JobId 4: Start Backup JobId 4, Job=BackupLocalFiles.2023-10-31_18.29.39_11 31-Oct 18:29 bacula-dir JobId 4: Using Device "FileChgr1-Dev2" to write. 31-Oct 18:29 bacula-sd JobId 4: Volume "Vol-2023103001" previously written, moving to end of data. 31-Oct 18:29 bacula-sd JobId 4: Ready to append to end of Volume "Vol-2023103001" size=902,557,818 31-Oct 18:29 bacula-fd JobId 4: /boot is a different filesystem. Will not descend from / into it. 31-Oct 18:29 bacula-fd JobId 4: /dev is a different filesystem. Will not descend from / into it. 31-Oct 18:29 bacula-fd JobId 4: /run is a different filesystem. Will not descend from / into it. *status director bacula-dir Version: 11.0.1 (05 February 2020) x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu redhat Beta Daemon started 31-Oct-23 17:08, conf reloaded 31-Oct-2023 17:08:00 Jobs: run=4, running=0 mode=0,0 Crypto: fips=N/A crypto=OpenSSL Heap: heap=409,600 smbytes=378,239 max_bytes=5,760,315 bufs=437 max_bufs=475 Res: njobs=3 nclients=1 nstores=2 npools=3 ncats=1 nfsets=3 nscheds=2
Scheduled Jobs: Level Type Pri Scheduled Job Name Volume =================================================================================== Incremental Backup 10 31-Oct-23 23:05 BackupLocalFiles Vol-2023103001 Full Backup 11 31-Oct-23 23:10 BackupCatalog Vol-2023103001 ====
Running Jobs: Console connected at 31-Oct-23 18:28 No Jobs running. ====
Terminated Jobs: JobId Level Files Bytes Status Finished Name ==================================================================== 1 Full 30,338 896.3 M OK 31-Oct-23 17:11 BackupLocalFiles 2 Restore 5 651 OK 31-Oct-23 17:23 RestoreLocalFiles 3 Restore 13 8.099 K OK 31-Oct-23 17:31 RestoreLocalFiles 4 Incr 40 10.46 M OK 31-Oct-23 18:29 BackupLocalFiles
